Rule Number 23
Ball Touches Permanent Fixtures
If the ball in play touches a permanent fixture other than the net, posts, singles sticks, cord or metal cable, strap or band) after it has hit the ground, the player who struck it wins the point; if before it hits the ground, his opponent wins the point.
[USTA Comment: A ball in play that strikes a pipe support running across the court at the base of the net is treated the same as a ball landing on clear ground. See also Rule 20(e) for a player who touches a pipe support.]
Case 1. A return hits the Umpire or his chair or stand. The player claims that the ball was going into Court.
Decision. He loses the point.